This content is not available in your region, Researcher at the Lowy Institute in Sydney. : A Polynesian language of the South Pacific. Out of the 180,000 people who made it to the polls between November 23rd and December, 7th, 2019, they were more than 176,000 Bougainvilleans expressing the wish to leave Papua New Guinea. Mining activities have caused civil unrest in the region many[quantify] times.[when?] None of the languages are spoken by more than 20% of the population, and the larger languages such as Nasioi, Korokoro Motuna, Telei, and Halia are split into dialects that are not always mutually intelligible. It is an island with vast untapped potential for tourism with magnificently rugged, jungled terrain and amazing coral reefs offshore. [19], The Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force occupied Bougainville in December 1914, as part of the Australian occupation of German New Guinea. The largest island is Bougainville Island, while the region also includes Buka Island and a number of outlying islands and atolls. At the background is Crown Prince Range where former giant Rio Tinto's Panguna Gold & Copper mine is located. On 25 July 2005 rebel leader Francis Ona died after a short illness. Together they make up the Papua New Guinean province of that name. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Australian Naval and Military Expeditionary Force, Australian occupation of German New Guinea, President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, 2019 Bougainvillean independence referendum, Papua New Guinea national rugby league team, List of active separatist movements in Oceania, "AUTONOMOUS REGION OF BOUGAINVILLE : Bougainville Flag, Emblem and Anthem (Protection) Bill 2018", "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab", "The Constitution of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville", Will Marshall, "Papua New Guinea government obtains shaky weapons disposal pact in Bougainville", "Papua New Guinea not told of Australia's plans for new diplomatic post there", Canberra abandons Bougainville mission plan, "Bougainville confirms independence referendum before 2020 | Pacific Beat", "Ball rolling on Bougainville referendum", "Bougainville voters back independence by landslide", "Bougainville independence vote delivers emphatic demand to become world's newest nation", "Former rebel leader elected Bougainville president", "Pacific Regional Statistics - Secretariat of the Pacific Community", "Bougainville imposes moratorium on Panguna mine over fears of civil unrest", "BOUGAINVILLE FLAG, EMBLEM AND ANTHEM (PROTECTION) ACT 2018", "Bougainville Flag, Emblem and Anthem (Protection) Bill 2018: Explanatory Note", "New Executives Set To Revive Rugby League", "League Bilong Laif program commences in Bougainville", "Sport: Bougainville to make PNG National Soccer League debut", Full text of the Peace Agreement for Bougainville, Conciliation Resources—Bougainville Project, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Autonomous_Region_of_Bougainville&oldid=995661602, Members of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, States and territories established in 2000, Articles lacking in-text citations from March 2020, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from November 2019, Wikipedia external links cleanup from June 2019, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 22 December 2020, at 05:42. The population is 249,358 (2011 census). Over 98% of the valid ballots were cast for independence. [43], During the 1970s and 1980s, teams from Bougainville played against other regions in the PNG national championships for Australian rules football,[44] cricket,[45] and field hockey. About 207,000 Bougainvilleans are registered to vote on whether Melanesian isles will become world’s newest country. The … [37][38], Rugby league in Bougainville is administered by the Bougainville Rugby Football League (BRFL), which is affiliated with the Papua New Guinea Rugby Football League (PNGRFL). Both the flag and emblem feature stylised depictions of the upe, a traditional headdress worn by men in parts of Bougainville to symbolise their transition to adulthood. Originally from Bougainville, Musingku started U-Vistract in Papua New Guinea's capital Port Moresby in the late 1990s, promising investors 100 per cent interest per month. Bougainvillean separatism dates to the 1960s, and the Republic of North Solomons was declared shortly before the independence of Papua New Guinea in 1975; it was subsumed into Papua New Guinea the following year. Bougainville has been inhabited by humans for at least 29,000 years. [10], The first inhabitants of Bougainville were Australo-Melanesians who presumably arrived from the Bismarck Archipelago. Could Bougainville be the world's newest country? "Now, we feel liberated, psychologically at least", President of the autonomous region John Momis said. The ballot went without any noteworthy incident, according to Bougainville Referendum Commission. [46], Boxing is popular in Bougainville. Bougainville votes on independence from Papua New Guinea About 207,000 Bougainvilleans are registered to vote on whether Melanesian isles will become world’s newest country… Historically the region was known as the North Solomons. People line up to vote in a referendum on Bougainville's independence from Papua New Guinea, in the region's interim capital of Buka Town, on Nov. 25. The bustling waterway of Bougainville's capital Buka is seen on Nov. 21, 2019, ahead of an historic independence vote. Pacific Island Referendum Could Give the World a Tiny New Country By . In the forground is Arawa Town Market. Bougainville est une île de Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée, l'une des plus grandes des îles Salomon dans le sud-ouest de l'océan Pacifique. [citation needed], A small percentage of the region's economy is from mining. [35], The Papuan languages are confined to the main island of Bougainville. [32], The region is divided into three districts, which are further divided into Local Level Government (LLGs) areas. For census purposes, the LLGAs are subdivided into wards, and those into census units.[33]. They just voted 97.7% to vote in favour of independence. Bougainville, officiellement région autonome de Bougainville, est une région autonome de la Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée. In January 2018, a moratorium on one mine was imposed by the Papua New Guinea government, in a bid to calm civil unrest against mining in the region. Takuu Dictionary. The population of the province is approximately 300,000 (2019 census), which includes islets such as the Carterets. Bougainville votes on independence from Papua New Guinea. Bougainville Island (/ ˈ b uː ɡ ən v ɪ l / BOO-gən-vil; Tok Pisin: Bogenvil) is the main island of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville of Papua New Guinea.It formed the main landmass of the German Empire-associated North Solomons.Its land measures 9,300 km 2 (3,600 sq mi). Port Moresby will quickly have to digest the result. Bougainville, the adjacent island of Buka, and assorted outlying islands including the Carterets are sometimes known as North Solomons. [14], The first Europeans to sight present-day Bougainville were the Dutch explorers Willem Schouten and Jacob Le Maire, who glimpsed Takuu Atoll and Nissan Island in 1616. In 2015 Australia announced it would establish a diplomatic post in Bougainville for the first time. [9] Until about 10,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Maximum, there was a single island referred to as "Greater Bougainville" that spanned from the northern tip of Buka Island to the Nggela Islands north of Guadalcanal. A peace agreement was completed in 2000 and, together with disarmament, provided for the establishment of an Autonomous Bougainville Government. Jason Scott , November 20, 2019, 4:00 PM EST Papua New Guinea province to … This result leaves no room for any interpretation other than the following one: Bougainville wants independence. The region's biodiversity, which is one of the most important in Oceania, is heavily threatened by mining activities. [11] Around 3,000 years ago, Austronesian peoples brought the Lapita culture to the islands,[12] introducing pottery, agriculture, and domesticated animals such as pigs, dogs, and chickens. Its capital is Arawa. [30][31], Ishmael Toroama, a former rebel leader, was elected president of Bougainville on September 23, 2020. For all your travel needs consult MK Business Consultants which provide reliable travel arrangements services. [28] The governments of both Bougainville and Papua New Guinea held a two-week referendum period which began on 23 November 2019 and closed on 7 December 2019, which is the final step in the Bougainville Peace Agreement. [13] Both Austronesian and non-Austronesian languages are spoken on the islands to this day, however there has been significant mixing between the populations to the point that cultural and genetic differences are no longer correlated with language. Bougainville is the largest island of the Solomon Islands archipelago, and an autonomous island region within Papua New Guinea. The colonial period saw significant changes in the culture of the islanders.[21]. [47] Notable boxers from the region include Commonwealth Boxing Council titleholder Johnny Aba and Pacific Games gold medalist Thadius Katua. The islands’ history includes colonial exploitation, attempts at independence, […] [25] In 2016, it cancelled those plans acknowledging that it had not obtained the PNG government's approval.[26]. The Bougainville Government is about to start repossessing government assets in Arawa as it strives to restore services in the autonomous Papua New Guinea region. November 10, 2020 An Altamar podcast interview with Shane McLeod Research Fellow of The Lowy Institute’s Australia-PNG Network People queue to vote at a polling station in the capital city Buka, Bougainville, in a historical independence vote on November 25, 2019. [12], The German Empire, which had already begun operations in New Guinea, annexed present-day Bougainville in 1886, after agreeing with the United Kingdom to divide the Solomon Islands archipelago between them. [citation needed] The most widely spoken Austronesian language is Halia and its dialects, spoken in the island of Buka and the Selau peninsula of Northern Bougainville. However, many elected officials are fiercely opposed to this independence, fearing a contagion effect across a country composed of several hundred ethnic groups. The German administrative station at Kieta, established in 1905, was preceded by a Marist mission, which succeeded in converting a majority of the islanders to Catholicism. Soccer championships in 1977, defeating Rabaul the island owes its name to the Solomons... A bigger self-governance operations elsewhere in the national Soccer League since 2019, ahead of an autonomous region Bougainville. 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